Current treatment is non-specific and consists mainly of oral rehydration therapy to prevent dehydration. Rotaviruses, belonging to a genus of double-stranded RNA viruses in the family Reoviridae, infect the mature villus epithelial cells of the small intestine, often leading to fever, vomiting, and diarrhea in children. Rotavirus is one of the leading causes of severe dehydrating diarrhea in children under the age of five and causes the deaths of >600,000 children annually. In general, this intervention model can be used for studying clinical symptoms as well as the immune responses required for protection against viral re-infection. Preventing RRV-induced diarrhea by Gastrogard-R ® early in life showed a diminished protection against EDIM re-infection, but a rotavirus-specific immune response was developed including both B cell and T cell responses. Mice receiving Gastrogard-R ® however displayed an enhanced rotavirus-specific T-cell proliferation whereas rotavirus-specific antibody subtypes were not affected.

Mice receiving both RRV and EDIM inoculation had a lower faecal-viral load following EDIM inoculation then mice receiving EDIM alone or Gastrogard-R ®. All mice receiving Gastrogard-R ® were 100% protected against rotavirus-induced diarrhea. Primary inoculation with RRV induced a mild but consistent level of diarrhea during 3-4 days post-inoculation. Rotavirus-specific IgM, IgG and IgG subclasses in serum, T cell proliferation and rotavirus-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses were also measured. Disease symptoms were scored daily and viral shedding was measured in fecal samples during the post-inoculation periods. A secondary inoculation with epizootic-diarrhea infant-mouse (EDIM) virus was administered at 17 days of age. MethodsīALB/c mice were treated by gavage once daily with Gastrogard-R ® from the age of 4 to 10 days, and were inoculated with rhesus rotavirus (RRV) at 7 days of age. In addition, this illness model was used to study modulatory effects of intervention on several immune parameters after re-infection. The current study was conducted to assess whether colostrum containing rotavirus-specific antibodies (Gastrogard-R ®) could protect against rotavirus infection. Rotaviruses are the single most important cause of severe diarrhea in young children worldwide.

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